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We all have unique takes on how we want to raise our children. When it comes to their education (even during the early years) most parents also have very distinct goals and dreams as well.

The multitude of childcare philosophies out there reflect every parent’s desire for just the right fit. In addition to this, a child’s personality and learning style also come into play. All children learn in different ways and can thrive in specific care environments over others.

We took a look at just what the options are when it comes to philosophy or a school’s approach to learning, and came up with what we consider a comprehensive list of the modern care philosophies. Of course there are always subsets of philosophies and approaches that emerge due to need, or a provider's unique take on education so we urge you to share any approaches that we have missed in the comments below.

COMMON CHILDCARE PHILOSOPHIES:

Developmental/Play Based (LPNS's Philosophy)

This approach is the most common educational approach found in US child cares and reflects a mix of free play and more structured small group play guided by a teacher. Play based learning focuses on providing developmentally appropriate opportunities for learning complemented by “hands on” practices. A child’s social emotional development is also supported and fostered through conflict resolution and emotional intelligence skill sets. Good for: most children who love to play and interact with others of the same age.

Progressive/Bank Street

This approach centers around the child acting as the “guide” and the teacher as supporter of their learning and inquiries. A free form schedule and curriculum is determined by the interest levels of the children, and there is a strong focus on experiential learning through mainly unstructured play. Basic toys and simple environments also offer a blank canvas giving weight to a child’s imaginative exploration. Good for: children who thrive in an unstructured yet inspiring play environment.

Montessori

Developed by Maria Montessori who believed all children have the innate drive to learn and push themselves to achieve, these schools focus mainly on the individual child’s growth which is supported by projects (or their “work”) which they may take on at their own pace. Montessori schools typically offer a multi-age classroom environment. There is a strong emphasis placed on a child’s independence including learning self-help skills at a very early age as well as caring for the classroom environment on their own. Good for: children who thrive in a structured learning environment or that love to work at their own pace. Great for: Children with Special Needs Integration.

Reggio Emilia

This philosophy stresses the Arts as a child’s first language and that learning should be self directed, inspired and supported by a beautiful and adaptive environment. Teachers are there to provide support and to document the process of discovery, to encourage critical thinking and facilitate multi age learning. Reggio Emilia inspired schools also incorporate the parent as an equal partner in their child’s education. Good for: Children who thrive in an unstructured learning environment or children that demonstrate a preference for visual learning. Great for: Children for whom English may be a second language.

Project Based

This approach uses an individual learner's interests as a catalyst for a “project” in which the child can apply different skills and develop positive learning habits. This approach is commonly used within a Reggio Emilia school. This is a teacher supported approach that also uses real world feedback, field trips and group input to guide the process. Good for: Children who thrive in an unstructured learning environment, who are curious, and self motivated.

High Scope

Developed in the 1970’s, High Scope emphasizes academic development over the social and emotional focuses of Waldorf or Progressive education styles. This approach shares similar aspects with Montessori in which all children are free to pursue learning at their own pace. Where High Scope differs is its focus on academic based learning opportunities like telling time and pre-reading skills and less so on self-help skills and social emotional development. Good for: Children who need the support of one-on-one learning at their own pace. Great for: Children with Special Needs Integration.

Waldorf

This philosophy is rooted in a whole child approach where the "body, soul and spirit" of the child are supported at all times. Within a predictable and stable routine children in a Waldorf approach are able to step deeper into their innate talents bolstered by the support and trust of teacher relationships and the community itself. Good for: Children who thrive on routine or those who blossom within a home-like environment.

RIE (Resources for Infant Educators)

Pioneered by infant advocate Magda Gerber, this philosophy is rooted in a deep respect for a child’s capabilities and innate desire to be a willing participant in their own development. Schools that use this approach encourage self-directed play and do not push children to achieve developmental milestones on any given timetable. In addition, they discourage the use of any type of device that may hold or contain a baby or toddler. Teachers are present to encourage and empathize with a child’s ups and downs. Good for: Babies and toddlers of any temperament, and children who are given certain freedoms at home all ready.

In addition to the frequently used philosophy terms you may also encounter many different schools described by type - here are a few common types:

• Childcare Center
• Family Childcare
• Cooperative or Co-op Preschool
• Language Immersion School
• Religious Center or Preschool
• Nature-Based School
• Integrated Preschool or Childcare